Hair curling apparatus



NOV. 27, 1934. C H BQNGARTZ HAIR CURLING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 12, 1934 NOV. 27, 1934. Q H- BQNGARTZ I 1,982,416

HAIR CURLI NG APPARATUS Filed Feb. 12, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lrwenfwc m H. 5015011 per Ht towwy.

Patented Nov. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES A TENT O F'F I CE HAIRCURLING APPARATUS Carl Henry Bon'g'artz, Twickenham,England; assignor of two-fifths to' StanleyMarcell, Claygate, England Application February 12,1934, Serial No. 710,906 In Great Britain December 12, 1932 6- Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for use in processes of permanently curling'andiwaving the hair wherein tresses of hair are wound upon curlersor mandrels and subjected to heat treatment in steaming tubes and the like, andhas T57 ed; one of such bearings being rotatable through areleasable one-way clutch operable from the exterior of the tube orcylinder so that the curler or mandrel can be rotated in one direction in the tube' or cylinder for the purpose of winding a tress of hair thereon, said clutch mechanism being releasable so as to enable the curlerto rotate in the reverse direction for unwinding the said-hair tress therefrom, while the steaming tube is adapted to be closed steam tight about the ligament end of a hair tress coiled'upon the rotatable curler or mandrelso as to enable such hair tress to be treated with steam suppliedto or generated in the interior of the'steamin'g tube or cylinder by known types of heating devices.

The invention is fully described and ascertained in the following descriptionand appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar (references indicate like parts.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectionalvi-ew ori the line I-I Fig. 2. showing one construction of steaming tube and rotatable curler in accordance with the present invention adaptedfor' use in connection with an external source ofheat.

V Fig. 2 is across section on the line II-"II Fig. 1 showing the steaming tube closed;

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the steaming tube open;

- Fig. 4 is a cross sectionon the line IV--IV Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view drawn to a larger scale showing one construction for clamping a tress of hair steam tight between the steaming tube and its closure;

"Fig. 7 is a perspectivewview, and'Fig. 8 a cross- 555section illustrating another construction "for clamping a tress of hair steam tight between the steaming tube and its closure Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the steaming tubeillustrated at Figs. 1-6 inclusive;

Fig. '10 is a perspectiveview showing the liner-" removed from the steaming tube shown in Figs. 1, 7*and8;

Fig 11 is a detail view of a modified arrangement of the steam outlet nozzle shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 12 is a cross section illustrating a modified construction of steaming tube adapted for use with a known type of removable autogenous chemical heating device;

Fig. 13 is a plan view with parts broken away; Fig. 14. a cross section on the line'XIV-XIV-' "7 Fig.- 13, and Fig. 15 a perspective view, andFig.

16 a detail view illustrating a modified constructionof steaming tube presently referred to;

Figs. 17 and 18 are'diagrammatic plan views illustrating the manner of use of the improvedhair curling apparatus in accordance with the present invention.

In the construction illustrated at Figs. 1-5 the steaming tube 1 comprises an outer tubeof heat resisting and insulating composition or material suchas fibrebakelite orthe like, which tubeis furnished with a removable metal liner 2 and is cut away intermediate its ends 3 and 4 so as to form an aperture 5 which is furnished with a hinged cover 6 shaped so that when closed it -'85 completesthe tube 1 and forms a steam tight'clotight joint with the root end of the coiled hair tress as presently described.

The metal liner 2 is of sufficient length to extend'into the ends 3 and 4 of the outer tube 1 and is similarly cut away between its ends'3a=95 and 4a (see Fig. 10) so as to form an opening 412 which registers with the opening 4w in the outer tube. Such liner is furnished with a slidingsemicircular cover Baarranged so that the same can I berotated in the fixed section of the liner to give access to the interior thereof, while projections' 6:: are formed on the'cover 6a to facilitate manipulation of the same.

The ends 3a and 4a or" the tubular liner make a sliding fit in the ends-3 and-4 of the outer tube and are internally screw threaded as indicated at M so as to engage counterpart threads on the end'plugs 8 'and'12 which are adapted to form closures for'the open ends 3 and 4 of the outer tube while alsoserving to secure'the liner 2 in position therein. Such plugs may be made of metal or of the same material as the outer tube 1 and are furnished with bearings for carrying the curler rotatably mounted in the steaming tube, as presently described.

For this purpose the central bore 9 is formed in the end plug 8 to form a housing for a sliding socket 10 together with a spring 11 for controlling the same.

The socket 10 is retained in the bore 9 against the pressure of its controlling spring by means of an external shoulder 10a formed thereon so as to abut a counterpart internal flange So on the adjacent end of the bore 9. The socket 10 forms a journal bearing for one end of the curler rotatably mounted in the steaming tube as presently described, while the opposite end plug 12 or" the steaming tube is furnished with a rotatable bearing which comprises a clutch member adapted to engage a counterpart clutch member on the adjacent end of the curler.

The end plug 12 is centrally perforated as indicated at 13 to form a journal for a spindle 14, the inner end of which carries a clutch member comprising an externally flanged socket 15 provided with an internal tooth or claw 16, while the outer end of such spindle is squared as indicated at 17 and terminates in a reduced externally threaded extension 18.

A ratchet wheel 19 is secured on the squared portion of the spindle 13 and is engaged by a detent 20 pivoted at 21 to the plug 12 and controlled by a spring 22 carried by such plug as indicated at Fig. 4. The detent 21 is furnished with a lever 23 that projects through a slot 24 formed in the adjacent end 4 of the steaming tube while a flanged cap 25 furnished with a central sleeve 26 is secured to the spindle 13 by a nut 27 that screws on to the threaded extension of such spindle, the cap 25 being knurled as indicated at 28 and forming a finger grip for rotating the clutch spindle 13 in the direction permitted by the ratchet wheel 19 and its detent 20.

Ihe curler or waver 29 may be made in metal or other suitable material and be in the form of a curved bobbin, as indicated. Such curler is The curler is mounted in the steaming tube.

by engaging the end 30 thereof with the spring controlled socket 10 at one end of the tube, the socket being simultaneously pressed back so that the slotted boss at the other end of the curler can be operably engaged with the rotatable clutch comprising the socket 15 and the tooth or claw 16 mounted in the end plug 12 of the tube.

The curler so mounted can be rotated in the tube so as to wind a hair tress thereon by operating the external cap 25 so as to rotate the clutch in the direction permitted by the detent 20 of the ratchet wheel 19. of the curler can be reversed so as to enable the hair tress to be unwound by pressing the lever 23 of the detent 20- so as to disengage the clip 31 to facilitate securing the tip of a tress of hair thereto. To enable the hair tress to be The direction of rotation coiled upon a curler the hinged door 6 of the tube 1 and also the sliding door 6a of the liner 2 are opened; the tip of the hair tress is then clipped to the curler 29 and the latter rotated by means of the cap 25 while the steaming tube is moved towards the head.

To prevent the steaming tube coming into contact with the head (indicated by A Fig. 3) the ends 3 and 4 thereof are respectively furnished with a projection 30 and 40 to which rubber buffers 3d and 4d are detachably secured by screws or otherwise as indicated at 4e Fig. 2.

The tress of hair may be tied near the head A as indicated at a Fig. 18 so as to form the same into a tuft which is wound upon the curler 29 as indicated, or the tress of hair may be wound flat upon the curler 29 in the manner indicated at Fig. 17. After the hair tress has been wound upon the curler the sliding door 6a of the liner 2 and the hinged door 6 of the tube 1 are closed to form a steam tight joint with the ligament end of the coiled hair tress.

When the hair tress is wound upon the curler in the manner indicated at Fig. 16, the closing edge 6b of the door 6 is recessed to engage a counterpart tongue 1d formed on the adjacent edge of the steaming tube 1 as indicated at Fig. 6, the edge 6b of the door and likewise the tongue 1d being furnished with rubber or other suitable packing 6e so as to make a steam tight joint with the tress of hair clamped therein.

Such construction may be modified by arranging a nipple 33 in the steaming tube 1 so as to enable a steam tight joint to be readily formed with the ligament endof a tress of hair wound in the manner indicated at Fig. 18. For this purpose the nipple is formed in two counterpart sections disposed upon the closing edge 6b of the hinged door 6 and the adjacent edge of the steaming tube 1 as indicated at Figs. 7 and 8 so that when the steaming tube is closed the two sections of the nipple register with each other and may be provided with rubber or other suitable packing to form a steam tight joint with the hair tress.

When the hinged door 6 is closed it is secured by means of catches 34 pivoted thereon at 35 so as to engage the catch plates 35a on the steaming tube 1, from which latter the catches 34 can be readily released by pressing the free ends of the pivoted catches 34.

To enable steam from an external source to be circulated through the steaming tube the latter is furnished with an inlet nozzle 36 and an outlet nozzle 37 adapted for connection to a flexible inlet pipe 38 and a flexible outlet pipe in known manner. As shown, the inlet nozzle 36 is mounted in the cover 6 while an inlet perforation 39 is formed in the cover 6a of its metal liner 2.

The steam escapes from the interior of the tube As shown at Fig. 11, the cap 37a is rotatably mounted upon the end plug 8 and furnished with one or more radial holes I) in one or other 01 which theoutlet nozzle 37 is detachably secured so that such nozzle may be arranged on the side of the steaming tube remote from the head.

The construction illustrated at Fig. 1 may be modified by omitting the metal liner from the tube 1 as indicated at Fig. 10.

Ina further modification illustrated at Figs. 13, 14 and 15 the steaming tube 1 may be formed with a sliding semi-cylindrical cover similar to that, 6a, of the liner 6 shown in the Fig. 1 construction, the closing edge of the sliding cover being adapted to engage a rebate 1b in the body of the steaming tube 1 as indicated at Fig. 14, while to enable the door 6a to be secured when closed it is furnished with a releasable spring detent 50 which engages ratchet teeth 51 on the adjacent edge 52 of the end 4 of the tube. Thus, when the door 6a is closed it is held by engagement of the detent 50 with the ratchet teeth 51, which detent can be readily released from the teeth to enable the door 6a to be opened.

The ends 3a and 4a of the steaming tubes are closed by end plugs 8 and 12, which plugs are furnished with bearings between which a curler such as 29 can be detachably and rotatably mounted in the manner described with reference toFig. 1.

To enable steam to be generated in the interior of the steaming tube instead of being supplied from an external source, the latter may be made of suificient dimensions to accommodate a removable chemical heating pad as indicated at Fig. 10, the liquid re-agent for operating such pad being introduced through an inlet nozzle such as 36 which also serves as a vent for the steam and vapour generated in the tube.

The steaming tube is also furnished with an eye 41 by means of which it can be suspended in known manner from an overhead support so that it can be readily lowered for use and raised out of the way when not required.

What I claim is:--

1. Hair curling and waving apparatus comprising an open ended steaming tube having closures for its ends furnished with bearings, an aperture in said tube and means for closing said aperture steam tight, a curler adapted to be detachably and rotatably mounted between the bearings in the tube, one of said bearings being furnished with means operable from the exterior of the tube for rotating the curler therein in one direction, and one of said end closures being revoluble and having means for causing the curler to be rotated therewith in the reverse direction.

2. Hair curling and waving apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including a heating device arranged in operable combination with said steaming tube for steaming the hair tress coiled therein.

3. Hair curling and waving apparatus comprising a steaming tube, the ends of which are closed by plugs, one of which is furnished with a spring controlled slidable bearing while the other is furnished with a rotatable bearing controlled by a releasable clutch and operable from the exterior of the tube, a lateral aperture in said tube, a detachable curler adapted to be mounted between said bearings and operably connected to the rotatable bearing, a closure for said steaming tube adapted to make a steam tight joint with the ligament end of a tress of hair coiled upon the curler within the tube, releasable means for securing said closure and a heating device arranged in operable combination with said steaming tube for steaming the coiled hair tress therein.

4. Hair curling and waving apparatus comprising a steaming tube having closed ends furnished with bearings, one of which is rotatably supported and operable in one direction from the exterior of the tube through a releasable ratchet and pawl mechanism, a detachable curler adapted for mounting in said bearings so as to be rotatable with the rotatable bearing, a hair clip on said curler, a lateral aperture in said steaming tube furnished with a closure adapted to form a steam tight joint with the ligament end of a tress of hair coiled onthe curler within the tube, releasable means for securing said closure, and means for connecting said steaming tube to a flexible support.

5. Hair curling and waving apparatus comprising a steaming tube furnished with a removable liner, lateral apertures in said steaming tube and liner, means for closing said lateral apertures, removable end plugs each furnished with a central bearing and respectively adapted to form closures for the open ends of the steaming tube and its liner respectively, the bearing in one end plug being rotatable, and operable in one direction from the exterior of the tube through a releasable ratchet clutch, a detachable curler adapted for mounting between said bearings so as to engage and operate with the rotatable bearing, said closures being adapted to form a steam tight joint with the ligament end of a tress of hair coiled upon the curler within the steaming tube, means for suspending such steaming tube from the support and means for operably connecting said steaming tube with an external steam supply.

6. Apparatus for curling and waving the hair comprising a curler rotatably mounted within a steaming tube having closed ends and a lateral aperture through which said curler is inserted and removed. means for rotatably supporting said curler within the tube, said means being operably connected to the exterior of the tube and controlled by a releasable clutch mechanism so that the curler can be rotated in the tube in one directionfor coiling and holding a hair tress thereon under tension, and released so that it can be rotated in the opposite direction for, releasing said hair tress, a closure for the lateral aperture adapted to make a steam tight joint with the hair tress coiled within the tube, releasable means for securing said closure, said steaming tube being furnished with means'for connecting same to a flexible support and being adapted for use with a heating device for the purpose of steaming the coiled hair tress contained therein.

CARL HENRY BONGARTZ. 

